How does CBP control what goods enter the US?

The correct answer is rooted in the role of customs laws as set forth in Title 19 of the U.S. Code. This specific federal legislation outlines the requirements and regulations for the importation and exportation of goods. It establishes the framework for how the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) manages and enforces laws related to trade, including duties, tariffs, and ensuring compliance with legal standards.

Through Title 19, CBP has the authority to control what goods enter the U.S. by requiring that all imports comply with established laws and regulations. This includes verifying that imported products meet health and safety standards, paying applicable tariffs, and ensuring that no prohibited items enter the country.

While other options may reflect aspects of border control or trade regulation, they do not encompass the comprehensive legal basis upon which CBP operates. For instance, state regulations only govern specific instances and cannot supersede federal laws. Random inspections are part of CBP's operations, but they are not the complete basis for controlling imports. International treaties may influence trade policies but do not provide the direct regulatory framework for customs enforcement as set forth in Title 19.